Commonly used drugs for intravitreal injection in endophthalmitis Doses and how to prepare
1- Vancomycin hydrochloride (1000 μg in 0.1 ml) for intravitreal injection in endophthalmitis
• The drug is available as a powder in strength of 500 mg.
• Reconstitute this with 10 ml of sterile solution for injection or saline.
• This gives a strength of 50 mg in 1 ml and hence 10 mg in 0.2 ml.
• 0.2 ml of this drug is drawn into a tuberculin syringe and this is further diluted with 0.8 ml of sterile saline to give a strength of 10 mg in 1 ml and hence 1000 μg (1 mg) in 0.1 ml.
2- Ceftazidime hydrochloride (2.25 mg in 0.1 ml) for intravitreal injection in endophthalmitis
• The drug is available as a powder in a strength of 500 mg powder.
• Reconstitute this with 2 ml of sterile saline solution for injection to give a strength of 250 mg in 1 ml (225 mg of active ingredient) and 25 mg (22.5 mg) in 0.1 ml.
• 0.1 ml of the drug is drawn into a tuberculin syringe and diluted further with 0.9 ml of sterile solution to give a strength of 25 mg (22.5 mg) in 1 ml and hence 2.25 mg in 0.1 ml.
3- Cefazolin hydrochloride (2.25 mg in 0.1 ml) for intravitreal injection in endophthalmitis
Same as for ceftazidime.
4- Amikacin sulfate (400 μg in 0.1 ml) for intravitreal injection in endophthalmitis
• The drug is available as a solution in a strength of 100 mg in 2 ml vial (50 mg in 1 ml) and 10 mg in 0.2 ml.
• 0.2 ml of the drug is drawn into a tuberculin syringe and diluted further with 2.3 ml of sterile solution to give a strength of 10 mg in 2.5 ml and hence 4000 μg in 0.1 ml.
5- Gentamicin sulfate (200 μg in 0.1 ml) for intravitreal injection in endophthalmitis
• The drug is available as a solution of 80 mg in 2 ml vial (40 mg in 1 ml) and 4 mg in 0.1 ml.
• 0.1 ml of the drug is drawn into a tuberculin syringe and diluted further with 1.9 ml of solution to give a strength of 4 mg in 2 ml (2 mg in 1ml) and hence 200 μg in 0.1 ml.
6- Amphotericin B (5 μg in 0.1 ml) for intravitreal injection in endophthalmitis
• The drug is available as a 50 mg powder vial.
• Reconstitute this with 10 ml of dextrose 5% to give a concentration of 5 mg per ml and 500 μg in 0.1 ml.
• Take 0.1 ml into a tuberculin syringe and dilute further with 9.9 ml of dextrose 5% to give a concentration of 500 μg in 10 ml and 50 μg per ml and 5 μg in 0.1 ml.
7- Dexamethasone (400 μg in 0.1 ml) for intravitreal injection in endophthalmitis
• The drug is available as a solution in strength of 8 mg in 2 ml vial (4 mg in 1 ml) and hence 0.4 mg (400 μg) in 0.1 ml.
•0.1ml of the drug may be withdrawn directly into a tuberculin syringe without any further dilution.
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Drugs for intravitreal injection in endophthalmitis
